پایش اثرات تمرین استقامتی جسمانی و مغزی همزمان بر شاخص های فراخستگی در افراد فعال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران. ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیارگروه علوم زیستی در ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: فرآیند فزاینده فراخستگی در ایجاد پیشرفت یا افت عملکرد ورزشکار، نقش بسیار مهمی دارد و توقف به موقع در این محور سبب پیشرفت عمکرد ورزشکار و رسیدن به هدف خواهد شد. هدف تحقیق حاضر پایش شاخص­های فراخستگی در گروه تمرین استقامتی جسمانی همراه با تمرین مغزی در مقایسه با تمرین استقامتی جسمانی ­ می­باشد. مواد و روشها: آزمودنی های تحقیق 20 زن و مرد دانشجوی تربیت­بدنی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی (سن 4/4 ± 3/22 سال، قد 12/6 ± 56/177سانتی­متر، شاخص توده­ی بدن 5/4 ± 22 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) بودند. با استفاده از نتایج آزمون حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی، آزمودنی­ها به دو گروه تمرین استقامتی همراه با تمرین مغزی (BET) و گروه تمرین استقامتی (ET) تقسیم شدند. تمرین استقامتی بر روی دوچرخه ثابت و تمرین مغزی همزمان با استفاده از مانیتور به مدت هشت هفته انجام شد. برای پایش تمرین از شاخص­های پرسشنامه پومز، ضربان قلب استراحتی، میزان درک تلاش و سطوح استراحتی کورتیزول بزاقی استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از آزمون آماری تحلیل واریانس بااندازه­گیری­های مکرر استفاده شد. سطح معناداری آزمون P˂0.05 در نظر گرفته شد. یافته‌ها صرف نظر از نوع فعالیت، میزان حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی افزایش معناداری در هر دو گروه به همراه داشت (P = 00/0). نتایج ضربان قلب استراحتی، شاخص­های پرسشنامه­ی پومز و سطوح استراحتی کورتیزول بزاقی تغییر معناداری که بیانگر فراخستگی غیرعملکردی باشد، نشان ندادند (p <0.51). شاخص میزان درک تلاش طی دوره­ی تمرین، در گروه، تمرین استقامتی جسمانی همراه با تمرین مغزی در مقایسه با گروه تمرین استقامتی جسمانی افزایش داشت (P=0.5). نتیجه گیری: نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد با وجود افزایش محرک تمرینی به گروه تمرین استقامتی جسمانی همراه با تمرین مغزی و بالاتر بودن میزان درک فشار، این گروه دچار بیش­تمرینی یا فراخستگی غیرعملکردی نشدند، ک. با استناد به نتایج پیشرفت عملکرد می­توان بیان کرد آزمودنی­ها طی دوره­ی تمرین به فراخستگی عملکردی یا بیش­جبرانی رسیدند و توانستند بهبود عملکرد را تجربه کنند و شاخص­های نماینده­ی فراخستگی غیرعملکردی در هیچ یک بالاتر نبود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Monitoring the Effects of Brain and Physical Endurance Training on Overreaching Indices in Active Individuals

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elmira Ahmadi 1
  • Hamid Rajabi 2
  • Hamidreza Barzegarpoor 3
  • Rana Fayazmilani 4
1 Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Exercise physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: The increasing process of overreaching in the development or decline of the athlete's performance acts as a moving that stops in the axis timely will improve the athlete's performance and achieve the goal. Therefore, the aim of the present study was investigated the effects of concurrent exercise physical and brain endurance on overreaching factors in active people.
Methodology: Subjects included 20 active male and female physical education students (Mean ±SD; age: 22.3 ± 4.4 years, height: 177.56 ± 6.12 cm, BMI: 22± 4.5 kg/m2). Participants were divided into two groups of concurrent endurance and brain training (BET) and endurance training (ET), according to the results of the maximum oxygen consumption test. Physical exercise training was performed on cycle ergometer and brain training using computer with monitor on front of subjects during cycling. To analyze the results of the tests, Mix ANOVA. Significance level (P≤0.05) was considered.
Results: The results showed that the maximum oxygen consumption after the training period, regardless of the type of activity, increased significantly (P = 0.00). Monitoring resting heart rate. POMS questionnaire indicators and resting cortisol levels did not show a significant increase indicating non-functional overreaching, respectively (P≤0/51). The rating of perceived exertion index was higher in the group that did physical endurance activity along with brain endurance training (P= 0/5).
Conclusion: These findings showed despite the increase stimulant to concurrent physical and brain endurance training did not cause non-functional overreaching and overtraining, but also based on the results of performance improvement, it can be said that the subject achieved functional overreaching and super compensation during the training period, which was able to experience progress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Overreaching
  • Mental Fatigue
  • Training Monitoring
  • Improve Performance
  • Amount of Effort Perceived
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