ارتباط بین مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات با میزان بالیدگی، ظرفیت هوازی، توان بی هوازی، توان انفجاری، هورمون رشد و فاکتور شبه انسولین و عوامل پیش بینی کننده مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات در بازیکنان فوتبال نخبه زیر 15 سال پسر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکدة علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 استاد گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکدة تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه کوایمبرا، کوایمبرا، پرتغال

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی میزان همبستگی بین مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات با وضعیت بالیدگی، قابلیت­های آمادگی جسمانی، سطح هورمونی و توضیح چگونگی تأثیر این عوامل بر مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات بود. مواد و روشها: در پژوهس حاضر 30 بازیکن فوتبال نخبه پسر زیر 15 سال در طول فصل مسابقات برای بررسی میزان ارتباط بین مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات با سن اسکلتی، اکسیژن مصرفی بیشینه، شاخص خستگی، آزمون CMJ، هورمون رشد و فاکتور رشد شبه انسولین  تحت نظر قرار گرفتند و پس از پایان فصل، طی 4 روز در آزمون­های آنتروپومتریک، وضعیت بالیدگی، سطح هورمونی و قابلیت­های آمادگی جسمانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها: هورمون رشد با حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی (52/0=r) و پرش عمودی (53/0=r) همبستگی بالایی (01/0=P) داشت به­علاوه، شاخص خستگی (44/0-=r) و فاکتور رشد شبه ­انسولین (39/0=r) با مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات همبستگی متوسط (05/0=P) داشت. بعد از انجام رگرسیون خطی مشخص شد که شاخص خستگی (19/0=R2) و فاکتور رشد شبه انسولین (15/0=R2) به طور معناداری (05/0=P) قابلیت پیش­بینی مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات را دارند. همچنین رگرسیون خطی چندگانه 49% از مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات را توضیح داد. نتیجه گیری: متغیرهای مستقل شاخص خستگی و فاکتور رشد شبه­انسولین قادر به تعیین زمان شرکت در مسابقات بودند، و هنگام ورود همه متغیرها، بطور معناداری مدل مدت زمان شرکت در مسابقات توضیح داده شد. بنابراین، به نظر می رسد میزان بالیدگی، آمادگی جسمانی و سطح هورمونی نقش تعیین کننده­ای در توضیح مشارکت در مسابقه در بازیکنان فوتبال جوانان را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship Between Duration of Competition with Maturity, Aerobic Capacity, Anaerobic Power, Explosive Power, Growth Hormone and Insulin-Like Factor and Predictors of Duration of Competition in Elite Football Players Under 15 Years Old Boy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Eskandarifard 1
  • Mehdi Kargarfard 2
  • Antonio Figueredu 3
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between playing time in the matches with maturity status, physical fitness, hormone levels and to explain how these factors affect playing time in the matches.
Methodology: In the present study 30 elite football players under 15 years old were monitored during the season to evaluate the relationship between playing time in the matches and skeletal age, VO2max, fatigue index, Counter Movement Jump, growth hormone, and IGF-1 and after the end of the season, they were evaluated in anthropometric tests, maturity status, hormonal level and physical fitness in 4 days.
Results: Growth hormone had a high correlation (P=0.05) with VO2max (r = 0.52) and Counter Movement Jump (r = 0.53). In addition, fatigue index (r = -0.44) and IGF-1 (R=0.39) had moderate correlation (P = 0.05) with playing time in the matches. In linear regression, it was found that fatigue index (R2 = 0.19) and IGF-1 (R2 = 0.15) significantly (P= 0.05) could predict the playing time in the matches. Multiple linear regression also explained 49% of the playing time in the matches.
Conclusion: Independent variables like fatigue index and IGF-1 were able to determine the game time, and when all variables were entered, the playing time model significantly was explained. Therefore, maturity, physical fitness, and hormonal levels seem to play a decisive role in explaining the time of participation in the matches in youth football players.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Football
  • Skeletal Age
  • Fels Method
  • VO2max
  • Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1)
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