اثر شش هفته تمرین عملکردی همراه با محدودیت جریان خون بر نسبت مایواستاتین به فولیستاتین و آمادگی بدنی مردان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

3 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

4 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: سالمندی با کاهش توده عضلانی همراه است و مشخص شده فعالیت بدنی می­تواند با آن مقابله کند. لذا بررسی تاثیرات تمرینات عملکردی با و بدون محدودیت جریان خون (BFR) بر نسبت مایواستاتین به فولیستاتین و شاخص­های آمادگی بدنی مردان سالمند هدف پژوهش حاضر بود.  
مواد و روش­ها: 30 مرد سالمند سالم(8/3±7/68 سال، شاخص توده­ی بدنی 1/2±6/25) به­ صورت تصادفی در دو گروه تجربی تمرین عملکردی(FT) و تمرین عملکردی با محدودیت جریان خون(FBFR) و یک گروه کنترل(C) قرار گرفتند. یازده تمرین عملکردی با تاکید بر قابلیت­های حرکتی، 3 روز درهفته، به مدت 6 هفته، با 30 الی 40 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه انجام شد. کاف بادی با فشار 110 و 70 درصد فشار انسداد شریانی برای پایین­تنه و بالاتنه به­ترتیب استفاده شد و هر دو هفته، فشار آن 10 درصد افزایش یافت. قبل و پس از اتمام پروتکل، علاوه بر خون­گیری، یک مجموعه آزمون برای تعیین سطح آمادگی از آزمودنی­ها بعمل آمد. برای بررسی متغیرها از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس و تی زوجی استفاده شد.
یافته­ها: در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، بهبود معنی­دار در قدرت، تعادل ایستا و پویا پس از شش هفته تمرین در دو گروه تجربی مشاهده شد(001/0p=). اختلاف معناداری بین دو گروه تجربی در این شاخص­ها مشاهده نشد. بدنبال انجام پروتکل تحقیق، غلظت مایواستاتین و  فولیستاتین در دوگروه تجربی به ترتیب کاهش و افزایش یافت. نسبت فولیستاتین به مایواستاتین تنها در گروه FBFR اختلاف معنی­دار با گروه کنترل داشت(05/0p<).
نتیجه گیری: سازگاری­های عصبی تمرینات عملکردی موجب بهبود معنی­داری شاخص­های امادگی بدنی شده است و اضافه نمودن BFR به این تمرینات در کوتاه مدت، تنها تاثیرات اندکی در متغیرهای بیوشیمیایی ایجاد می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Six Weeks of Functional training with Blood Flow Restriction on Myostatin to Folistatin Ratio and Physical Fitness in Elderly Men

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Shikhi pir kohi 1
  • Parisa Zakeri 1
  • Mohammadreza Dehkhoda 2
  • Zahra Mirakhori 3
  • Sadegh Amani -Shalamzari 4
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Sport Science, Amir Kabir Industry University, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background&Purpose: Aging is associated with decreased muscle mass and it is known physical training can counteracts it. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of functional training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on Myostatin to Follistatin ratio (M: F) and physical fitness indices in elderly men.
Methodology:Thirty healthy elderly men (age 68.7±3.8years, BMI 25.6±2.1 kg/m2), were randomly divided into two experimental groups, Functional training(FT) and Functional training with Blood Flow Restriction(FBFR) and control group(C). Eleven functional exercises with focus on motor skills were performed 3 days per week, 6 weeks with 30-40% of one maximum repetition. Inflatable cuff with 110 and 70% arterial occlusion pressure was used for lower and upper body respectively and, the pressure was increased by 10% every two weeks. In addition to blood sampling, a set of tests was performed to determine the fitness level of the subjects, before and after the protocol. Covariance analysis and paired t-test were applied to evaluate the variables.
Results: Compared to the control group, following training interventions significant improvements in muscle strength, static and dynamic balance were observed in the two experimental groups (p= 0.001); without significant differences between the two experimental groups. Following the study protocol, the concentration of myostatin and follistatin decreased and increased in the two experimental groups, respectively. The M:F ratio only in the FBFR group was significantly different from the C group(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Neurological adaptations of functional training caused to significantly improve in physical fitness indices, and the adding BFR to the training in the short term has only a small effect on biochemical variables.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sarcopenia
  • Muscular Strength
  • Occlusion Training
  • Static Balance
  • Dynamic Balance
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