اثر یک دوره تمرین راه رفتن همراه با تحریک ریتمیک دیداری بر هم‌انقباضی عضلات منتخب در سالمندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

3 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

4 استادیار گروه بیومکانیک و آسیب شناسی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: راه­رفتن در سالمندی تحت تاثیر فرآیندهای تخریبی عصبی عضلانی و همینطور شناختی می­باشد. افزایش توجه به اندام­ها حین فعالیت­های ساده و خودکار، افزایش سطوح هم­انقباضی را به عنوان مکانیزم جبرانی به­دنبال دارد، لذا هدف از تحقیق حاضر اثر یک دوره تمرین راه­رفتن با تحریکات ریتمیک دیداری به عنوان یک توجه بیرونی بر هم­انقباضی عضلات اندام تحتانی سالمند می­باشد، تا توجه به مفاصل و عضلات حین راه­رفتن را حذف کرده و ناهنجاری هم­انقباضی بهبود یابد.
مواد و روش­ها: 30 مرد سالمند (60 تا 75 سال) بطور داوطلبانه در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. پس از همگن­سازی، بطور تصادفی به 2 گروه کنترل (بدون تمرین، راه رفتن عادی بدون مداخله) و 1 گروه تجربی (راه­رفتن با تحریک موزون دیداری) تقسیم شدند. برای ارزیابی هم­انقباضی، عضلات: ساقی قدامی، نعلی، پهن داخلی، پهن خارجی و دوسررانی طی 90 ثانیه راه­رفتن عادی در پیش و پس­آزمون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تمرینات به مدت 6 هفته، 3 جلسه درهفته و هر جلسه 20 دقیقه انجام شد. تحلیل داده­ها توسط مدل آنالیز کوواریانس پارامتریک و بوت­استرپ ناپارامتریک در سطح معناداری 05/0 انجام شد.
یافته­ها: نتایج آماری نشان داد که 6 هفته تمرین راه­رفتن با تحریکات ریتمیک بر هم­انقباضی عضلات سالمند معنی­دار نبود (05/0<P).
نتیجه: نتایج نشان می­دهد راه­رفتن با تحریکات ریتمیک دیداری بر هم­انقباضی عضلات منتخب در سالمندی اولیه اثری نداشت. به نظر می‌رسد برای مشاهده تغییرات چشم‌گیر در الگوهای پیچیده عضلانی مدت زمان تمرین بیشتر (چه از نظر طول دوره و چه از نظر تعداد و زمان جلسات تمرین) مورد نیاز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of a Walking Training Period with Rhythmic Visual Stimulation on Co-Contraction Select Muscles in Older Adult

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadis Hoseini 1
  • Zia Falahmohamadi 2
  • Mozhgan Memar-moghaddam 3
  • Esmaeil Hosseininejad 4
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3 Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
4 Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background & Purpose: Walking in aging is affected by neuromuscular and cognitive degradation processes. Increase attention to the organs during Simple and automated activities result increase co-contraction level as a compensatory mechanism. So the purpose of this research effect of a walking training period with rhythmic visual stimulation as an external attention on co-contraction of lower limb muscle in older adults, while walking to eliminate the attention of the muscles and joints and the co-contraction anomalies can improve.
Methodology: 30 healthy older adult men (60 to 75 years) voluntary participated in this research, and after Homogenization were randomly assigned to two control (no practice, walking without stimulation) and one experimental (walking with rhythmic visual stimulation) groups. The pattern of muscle activity including: soleus, tibialis anterior, vastus medialis vastus lateralis and biceps femoris while 90s normal walking was investigated from pre to post-test for evaluation of muscle co-contraction. This training was performed for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week and each 20 minutes. Data analysis was performed by ANCOVA and Non-parametric Bootstrap models at the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results showed walking with visual interventions on muscle co-contraction after 6 weeks of program are not statistically significant (P ≤ 0/05).
Conclusions: These results suggest that walking with visual rhythmic stimulation does not affect on co-contraction of selected muscles in early elderly age, it seems that, longer training periods (both in terms of duration and of the number and timing of training sessions) are need for saw significant changes in complex muscle patterns.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Early aging
  • Electromyography
  • Rhythmic visual stimulation
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