نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی ،اردبیل، ایران
3 1- گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Objective: Elite athletic performance results from a complex interaction between genetics, epigenetics, and nutrition. Genes regulate metabolic pathways, while epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and miRNAs, influenced by lifestyle, affect gene expression. This study aimed to review the scientific evidence related to the role of these interactions in metabolic regulation and determining the nutritional needs of elite athletes, to pave the way for designing personalized nutrition and training programs.
Methodology: This research was conducted as a systematic review. Persian and English articles published between 2022 and 2025 were searched using keywords related to genetics, epigenetics, and sports nutrition in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. After screening and quality assessment using the Down and Black checklist, 14 articles were selected for final analysis.
Findings: Results showed that gene polymorphisms, DNA methylation, and miRNAs play key roles in regulating metabolism, nutritional response, and athletic performance. The combination of diet and exercise can modulate epigenetic pathways and improve metabolic health. Evidence supported the effectiveness of personalized diets based on individual genetics in enhancing performance and preventing metabolic disorders. The roles of gut microbiota, targeted supplements, and miRNAs in designing personalized interventions were also highlighted.
Conclusion: Utilizing genetic and epigenetic data provides a novel approach for developing precise, personalized, and evidence-based programs in sports nutrition.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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