اثر تمرینات فال پروف بر تعادل، سرعت راه رفتن و توانایی‌های شناختی در سالمندان با سکته مغزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی ورزش، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10.22080/jaep.2023.25421.2141

چکیده

اهداف: احتمال آن که سالمندان پس از سکته مغزی، دچار اختلالات حرکتی مانند تعادل و سرعت راه رفتن و ضعف توانایی­های شناختی ­شوند، بسیار زیاد است. ورزش می­تواند استراتژی مناسبی برای توان‌بخشی در سالمندان پس از سکته مغزی باشد. لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر تمرینات فال پروف بر تعادل، سرعت راه رفتن و توانایی­های شناختی در سالمندان با سکته مغزی بود..
روش مطالعه: پژوهش حاضر از نوع مداخله­ ای بود. جامعه مورد پژوهش شامل کلیه بیماران سکته­ مغزی (334 نفر) شهر یزد بود که از این تعداد 24 بیمار مرد به روش نمونه­ گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. نمونه آماری به­ طور تصادفی به دو گروه مساوی تجربی (12 نفر) و کنترل (12 نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی به مدت 8 هفته تمرینات فال ­پروف را انجام دادند و گروه کنترل هیچ­ گونه مداخله­ ای را دریافت نکردند. به طور کلی، یک جلسه تمرینی شامل 10 دقیقه گرم کردن و حرکات کششی، 15 دقیقه تمرینات قدرتی، 25 دقیقه تمرینات تعادلی چند حسی (بینایی، وستیبولار، حسی-پیکری)، کنترل مرکز ثقل و راهبردهای قامتی بود. تعادل، سرعت راه رفتن و توانایی های شناختی قبل و بعد از تمرینات از هر دو گروه تجربی و کنترل اندازه ­گیری شد. برای مقایسه بین گروهی از آزمون کواریانس چند متغیره و برای مقایسه درون گروهی از آزمون t­ زوجی استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها: نتایج آزمون بین­ گروهی نشان داد تعادل (001/0>p)، سرعت راه رفتن (002/0=p)، تصمیم­ گیری (001/0>p)، توجه پایدار (003/0=p)، انعطاف ­پذیری شناختی (001/0>p)، حافظه (005/0=p) و حل مسئله (001/0=p) در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل اختلاف معنی­ داری داشت. نتایج آزمون درون گروهی نشان داد تعادل (001/0>p)، سرعت راه رفتن (005/0=p)، تصمیم گیری (001/0>p)، توجه پایدار (001/0>p)، انعطاف­ پذیری شناختی (001/0>p)، حافظه (001/0>p) و حل مسئله (003/0=p) در گروه تجربی در پس ­آزمون در مقایسه با پیش ­آزمون افزایش معنی­ داری داشت.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد تمرینات فال ­پروف منجر به بهبود تعادل، سرعت راه رفتن و توانایی­های شناختی در سالمندان با سکته مغزی شده است. با توجه به بهبود توانایی­هایی شناختی، تعادل و سرعت راه رفتن می­توان در برنامه ­های توانبخشی در سالمندان با سکته مغزی از تمرینات فال ­پروف استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of fall-proof exercises on balance, walking speed, cognitive abilities in elderly people with stroke

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farahnaz Ayatizadeh Tafti 1
  • Mohammad Reza Sadeghian Shahi 1
  • Saeed Abedinzadeh Masuleh 1
  • Hamidreza Maleki nezhad 2
1 Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objectives: It is very likely that the elderly will suffer from movement disorders and weak cognitive abilities after a stroke. Exercise can be a suitable strategy for rehabilitation in the elderly after stroke. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fall-proof exercises on cognitive abilities, balance and walking speed in elderly people with stroke.
Methods: The current research was an interventional type. The research population included all stroke patients (334 people) in Yazd city, of which 24 male patients were selected by convenience sampling. The statistical sample was randomly divided into two equal experimental (12 people) and control (12 people) groups. The experimental group performed fall-proof exercises for 8 weeks, and the control group did not perform any intervention. In general, a training session included 10 minutes of warm-up and stretching, 15 minutes of strength training, 25 minutes of multisensory balance training (vision, vestibular, sensory-body), center of gravity control, and posture strategies. Cognitive abilities, balance and walking speed were measured before and after the exercises in both experimental and control groups. Multivariate covariance test was used for inter-group comparison and paired t-test was used for intra-group comparison.
Results: The results of the intergroup test showed that decision-making (p<0.001), sustained attention (p=0.003), cognitive flexibility (p<0.001), memory (p=0.005) Problem solving (p=0.001), balance (p<0.001) and walking speed (p=0.002) had a significant difference in the two experimental and control groups. The results of the intragroup test showed decision-making (p<0.001), paid attention (p<0.001), cognitive flexibility (p<0.001), memory (p<0.001), problem solving (p=0.003), balance (p>0.001) and walking speed (p=0.005) in the experimental group increased significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test.
Conclusion: fall-proof exercises have led to the improvement of cognitive abilities, balance and walking speed in the elderly with stroke. Considering the improvement of cognitive abilities, balance and walking speed, fall-proof exercises can be used in rehabilitation programs for elderly people with stroke.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fall Proof
  • Balance
  • Walking Speed
  • Cognitive Abilities
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