اثر تمرین هوازی با شدت های مختلف و مصرف کروسین بر اندازه سلول چربی احشایی و مقاومت انسولینی در موش‌های صحرایی فاقد تخمدان و تغذیه شده با غذای پرچرب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.

2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران. قطب علمی پایش سلامت ورزشی و پویش قهرمانی دانشگاه مازندران

3 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.

10.22080/jaep.2022.23916.2112

چکیده

اهداف: یائسگی با توزیع مجدد بافت چرب در احشا و ایجاد چاقی مرکزی و مقاومت به انسولین همراه است. فعالیت ورزشی و کروسین، قندخون و مقاومت به انسولین را بهبود داده و از بروز چاقی و دیابت نوع دو جلوگیری می­کند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثرتمرین هوازی و مصرف کروسین بر اندازه سلول چربی احشایی و مقاومت انسولینی در موش­های صحرایی فاقد تخمدان و تغذیه شده با  غذای پرچرب بود.
روش مطالعه: 72 سر موش صحرایی ماده به دو گروه تخمدان برداری (اوارکتومی شده) (56 سر) و تخمدان برداری نشده (غیراوارکتومی) (16 سر) تقسیم شدند. سپس موش­های این دو گروه به گروه­های تغذیه شده با غذای پرچرب (40 درصد کالری دریافتی از چربی) و یا غذای نرمال تقسیم شدند. سپس موش­های تخمدان برداری و تغذیه شده با غذای پرچرب به 6 گروه به شرح ذیل  تقسیم شدند: 1- کنترل 2- تمرین هوازی با شدت متوسط 3- تمرین هوازی با شدت بالا 4- کروسین  5- تمرین هوازی با شدت متوسط + کروسین و 6- تمرین هوازی با شدت بالا + کروسین. تمرین هوازی با دو شدت بالا(85 –80 درصد حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی) و متوسط (70–60 درصد حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی) و مصرف کروسین به میزان60 میلی گرم به ازای هر کیلو گرم از وزن بدن به مدت 8 هفته در گروه­های مربوطه آغاز شد. وزن نسبی چربی احشایی پری­رنال، تعداد و اندازه سلول و سطوح سرمی گلوکز، انسولین و شاخص مقاومت انسولینی (HOMA) اندازه گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل یافته­ها با آزمون تحلیل واریانس دو طرفه  صورت گرفت.
یافته ها: تمرین با شدت متوسط و همراه با مصرف کروسین موجب کاهش معنادار وزن نسبی چربی پری­رنال شد (0001/0=p). همچنین وزن نسبی چربی پری­رنال در گروه­ه تمرین شدید+کروسین نسبت به گروه غذای پرچرب+ اوارکتومی بطور معناداری پایین­تر بود (001/0p≤). اندازه سلول چربی در دو گروه تمرین (متوسط و شدید) نسبت به گروه غذای پرچرب + اوارکتومی بطور معناداری پایین­تر بود (001/0=p) همچنین اندازه سلول چربی بین گروه کروسین با گروه غذای پرچرب + اوارکتومی نیز کاهش معنادار داشت (03/0=p). اندازه سلول چربی در گروههای تمرین (شدید و متوسط) +کروسین نیز بطور معناداری نسبت به گروه غذای پرچرب + اوارکتومی پایین­تر بود (05/0≥p). تمرین با شدت بالا موجب کاهش معنادار مقاومت به انسولین (028/0=p) و غلظت گلوکز (041/0=p) نسبت به گروه اوارکتومی+ غذای پرچرب شده بود. دریافت کروسین موجب کاهش مقاومت به انسولین (013/0=p) و کاهش غلظت انسولین (008/0=p) شده بود. همچنین تمرین با شدت متوسط + کروسین موجب کاهش معنادار گلوکز (022/0=p)، انسولین (011/0=p) و مقاومت انسولینی (005/0=p) در مقایسه با گروه اوارکتومی+ غذای پرچرب شده بود.
نتیجه گیری: مصرف مکمل کروسین و تمرین هوازی بصورت مجزا و در ترکیب با یکدیگر می­تواند موجب کاهش وزن بافت چربی احشایی و اندازه سلول چربی و بهبود مقاومت انسولینی در موش­های صحرایی فاقد تخمدان و تغذیه شده با غذای پرچرب شود. همچنین تمرین هوازی با شدت بالا در بهبود مقاومت به انسولین و کاهش اندازه سلول چربی نسبت به تمرین با شدت متوسط موثرتر بود. بنظر می رسد مصرف کروسین به همراه تمرین بر بهبود شاخص های فوق اثر مضاعفی نداشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Two Different Intensities of Aerobic Training and Crocin Consumption on Visceral Adipose Cell Size and Insulin Resistance in Ovariectomized Rats Fed With High-Fat Diet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haniye Yazdandoost- Baygi 1
  • Elahe Talebi-Garakani 2
  • khadijeh Nasiri 3
  • Alireza Safarzade 2
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran. Athletic Performance and Health Research Center, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
3 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objectives: Menopause is associated with a redistribution of adipose tissue towards central adiposity, known to cause insulin resistance. Exercise training and crocin improve blood glucose and insulin resistance, and prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes.  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and crocin consumption on visceral fat cell size and insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats fed with high-fat diet.
Methods: 72 female rats were divided into two groups: ovariectomized (56) and non-ovariectomized (16). Then the rats of these two groups were divided into groups fed with high-fat diet (40% fat) and normal diet. The ovariectomized rats + high-fat diet were divided into 6 groups as follows: 1- control 2- moderate intensity aerobic training 3-  high intensity aerobic training 4- crocin 5- moderate intensity aerobic training + crocin and 6- high intensity aerobic training + crocin. The target groups performed high-intensity aerobic exercise (80-85% VO2max) and moderate aerobic exercise (60-70% VO2max) and received crocin at the rate of 60 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Relative weight of perirenal visceral fat, size of cells and serum levels of glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index (HOMA) were measured. The findings were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance.
Results: Moderate intensity training with crocin consumption caused a significant decrease in the relative weight of perirenal fat (p=0.0001). Also, the relative weight of perirenal fat was significantly lower in the high intensity training + crocin group than in the high-fat diet+ ovariectomized group (p≤0.001). The fat cell size in the two training groups (moderate and intense) was significantly lower than the high-fat diet + ovariectomized group (p=0.001), and the difference between the crocin group and the high-fat diet + ovariectomized group was also significant (p=0.03). Fat cell size in exercise groups (moderate and intense) + crocin was also significantly lower than the high-fat diet + ovariectomized group (p≤0.05). High intensity training caused a significant decrease in insulin resistance (p=0.028) and glucose concentration (p=0.041) compared to the ovariectomized + high-fat diet group. Consumption of crocin decreased insulin resistance (p=0.013) and decreased insulin concentration (p=0.008). Also, moderate intensity exercise + crocin caused a significant decrease in glucose (p=0.022), insulin (p=0.011) and insulin resistance (p=0.005) compared to the ovariectomized group + high-fat diet.
Conclusion: Consumption of crocin and aerobic training separately and in combination with can reduce visceral fat tissue weight and fat cell size and improve insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats fed with high-fat diet. High-intensity aerobic training seems to be more effective in improving insulin resistance and reducing fat cell size than moderate-intensity training. No additive effects in combination of crocin with exercise training were observed in improvement of insulin resistance or fat cell size.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ovariectomy
  • Crocin
  • Aerobic Training
  • High-Fat Diet
  • Insulin Resistance
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