مقایسه اثر هشت هفته تمرین ترکیبی ویبریشن - طناب زنی با دو شدت مختلف بر شاخص-های الکترومایوگرافی عضلات مردان سالمند: یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی، یک سو‌کور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

2 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

5 استادیار گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

10.22080/jaep.2021.20692.2010

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: تمرینات ویبریشن کل بدن (WBV) به‌عنوان یک جایگزین کارآمد برای بهبود عملکرد جسمانی در سالمندان به نظر می­رسد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش مقایسه تأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات ویبریشن کل بدن و طناب زنی با دو شدت مختلف بر شاخص­های الکترو­مایوگرافی عضلات مردان سالمند بود.
مواد و روشها: ­36 مرد سالمند (با میانگین سنی 16/4±83/65 سال؛ قد­­ 90/3±26/169 سانتیمتر؛ وزن 62/4±04/77 کیلوگرم؛ شاخص توده بدنی ­69/0±86/26­کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه: شدت­ زیاد (12=N)، شدت کم (12=N) و کنترل (10=N) تقسیم‌ شدند  تمرینات ویبریشن­ در دو گروه شدت زیاد ­و کم به ترتیب با فرکانس 40­ و 25 هرتز و دامنه 3 میلی­متر بود و به­صورت متناوب (یک دقیقه­WBV: 35-30 استراحت بین ست‌ها) به مدت 30 دقیقه با چهار وضعیت‌ (شنای کامل، فلکشن معکوس ساعد، لانچ، اسکات پا) روی دستگاه ویبریشن، سه جلسه در هفته و در طول هشت هفته به همراه تمرینات طناب زنی اعمال شد. در تمرین طناب زنی شدت بر اساس مقیاس بورگ در سطح 14­و 13 با 35-30 پرش در دقیقه (یک ست یک‌دقیقه‌ای در هفته اول تا شش ست یک‌دقیقه‌ای در هفته­های هفتم و هشتم به‌صورت پیش­رونده) برای هر دو گروه اعمال شد­. شاخص­های الکترومایوگرافی در عضلات دو سر بازویی، عضلات سه سر بازویی، عضله راست رانی و عضله دو سر رانی شامل هم فعال­سازی نسبت عضلات موافق و مخالف، دامنه عضله و فرکانس میانگین توان عضلات با استفاده از دستگاه ثبت سیگنال الکترومایوگرام Datalog-MWX8 Bluetooth در پیش‌آزمون و پایان هشت هفته ثبت شد. از روش آماری آنالیز واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و از نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 20 استفاده شد. سطح معناداری (05/0≥p) در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: شاخص­های الکترومایوگرافی (هم فعال­سازی نسبت عضلات موافق و مخالف، دامنه و فرکانس میانگین توان عضله) در عضلات اندام فوقانی و تحتانی در گروه­های تمرینی با شدت زیاد و کم در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بهبود معناداری نشان داد (05/0p<)؛ اما بین دو گروه تمرینی در هیچ‌کدام از شاخص‌های الکترومایوگرافی تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0p>).
نتیجه گیری: به نظر می‌رسد هردو شدت برنامه ترکیبی ویبریشن - طناب زنی سبب بهبود کارکرد فعالیت الکتریکی عضلانی در اندام‌های فوقانی و تحتانی مردان سالمند شده است؛ اما میانگین این بهبود در شدت زیاد، بیشتر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effect of eight weeks of combined vibration-rope skipping training with two different intensities on the indicators elderly men muscle electrography: a randomized, single-blind clinical trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Pouyafar 1
  • Roya Askari 2
  • Seyed Alireza Hosseinai Kakhk 3
  • Mohsen Damavand 4
  • Ali Maleki 5
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
4 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
5 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose: Whole body vibration (WBV) exercises appear to be an effective alternative to improving physical function in the elderly. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of whole body vibration exercises and rope skipping training with two different intensities on electromyography indices of elderly men.
Methodology: 36 elderly men (mean age 65.8 ± 4.2 years; height 169.3 ±3.9 cm; mass 77.1 ± 4.6 kg; body mass index 26.9±0.7 kg.m2) were selected by purposive and available sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of high intensity (N=12), low intensity (N =12), and control (N =10). Vibration exercises were performed in the high intensity group with a frequency of 40 Hz and in the low intensity group with a frequency of 25 Hz, with a range of 3 mm in both groups. Exposure was intermittent (1 min WBV: 35-40 min rest) for 30 min with four positions (full swim, reverse forearm flexion, launch, foot squat) on the vibration device, three times per week for 8 weeks with rope training. In rope training, intensity was applied according to the Borg scale at levels 14 and 13 with 30-35 jumps per minute (one minute set in the first week to six one-minute sets in the seventh and eighth weeks progressively) for both groups. Electromyographic indices of biceps brachii, triceps brachii, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles including activation of the ratio of agonist and antagonist muscles, muscle amplitude, and average muscle power frequency using Datalog-MWX8 Bluetooth electromyogram recorder Along with four active recording electrodes, the SX230 were calculated in the pre-test and at the end of eight weeks. Statistical analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data and SPSS software version 20. Significance level (p≥0.05) was considered.
Results: The electromyographic indices (activation of the ratio of agonist and antagonist muscles, muscle amplitude, and average muscle power frequency) in the muscles of the upper and lower limbs in the high intensity and low intensity training groups showed a significant improvement compared to the control group (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference between the two training groups in any of the variables .
Conclusion: The both the intensity of the combined vibration-rope programs have improved the function of electrical muscle activity in the upper and lower limbs of older men.
.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Combined Exercise
  • Intensity
  • Electromyography
  • Aging
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