تاثیر شش هفته تمرین اصلاحی منتخب بر سیندروم متقاطع فوقانی ورزشکاران بالای سر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آسیب شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی،گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، پردیس بین الملل کیش، دانشگاه تهران، جزیره کیش، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، پردیس بین الملل کیش، دانشگاه تهران، جزیره کیش، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: فعالیت جسمانی و ورزش، باعث سازگاری های اسکلتی -عضلانی در بدن ورزشکاران می شوند. ایمبالانس های عضلانی ای که در اثر فعالیت های مکرر بالای سر ایجاد می شوند، پاسچر فوقانی بدن را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. این الگوی عدم تعادل عضلانی که در ورزش های پرتابی و بالای سر دیده می شود، به عنوان سیندروم متقاطع فوقانی، توسط جاندا مطرح گردید،که غالبا با ناهنجاری های سر و شانه به جلو، کتف های دور شده و کایفوزیس افزایش یافته سینه ای همراه است و به مرور زمان دردناک شدن شانه را به دنبال دارد. بنابراین هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی تاثیر شش هفته تمرینات اصلاحی منتخب بر سیندروم متقاطع فوقانی ورزشکاران بالای سر بود. روش شناسی: روش تحقیق حاضر نیمه تجربی بود. نمونه ها به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و جهت اندازه گیری زاویه کایفوز از خط کش منعطف و زوایای سر و شانه به جلو از روش تصویربرداری نیم رخ بدن استفاده شد. بر اساس این اندازه گیری 33 ورزشکار با سابقه فعالیت 6 الی 15 سال و دامنه سنی 18 الی 35 سال که دارای سه ناهنجاری سر و شانه به جلو و کایفوز سینه ای افزایش یافته به طور همزمان بودند به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند و به طور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد که میزان زاویه سر به جلو، زاویه شانه به جلو و زاویه کایفوز سینه ای به ترتیب، در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل اختلاف معنی داری دارد (F1,30 = 23.564, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.440،  F1,30 = 117.376, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.796، F1,30 = 59.195, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.664).  نتایج نشان داد که زاویه سر به جلو، زاویه شانه به جلو و زاویه کایفوز سینه ای گروه تجربی بعد از شرکت در برنامه تمرینی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل به طور معنی داری کاهش یافته است. نتیجه گیری: بنابراین در طراحی و اجرای برنامه اصلاحی با هدف رفع سیندروم متقاطع فوقانی در ورزشکاران بالای سر، انجام یک برنامه تمرینی منتخب که همزمان بر اصلاح سه ناهنجاری سر و شانه به جلو و کایفوز سینه ای افزایش یافته تمرکز داشته و همزمان نیز با تمرینات تخصصی ورزشکاران اجرا گردد، می تواند موجب کاهش میزان سیندروم متقاطع فوقانی در ورزشکاران بالای سر گردد. 

تازه های تحقیق

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کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Six Weeks Corrective Exercise on Upper-Crossed Syndrome of Overhead Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Cheshomi 1
  • Mohamad Hossein Alizadeh 2
  • Amir Hossein Barati 3
  • Mahdieh Akochakian 4
1 Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, Kish Island, Iran
2 Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tehran, Kish International Campus, Kish Island, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Purpose:The muscle imbalance caused by repeated overhead activities,affects the upper body posture and Over time, creates painful shoulder. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks corrective exercises on upper-crosssed syndrome in overhead athletes. Methodology: The method of research was semi-experimental . 33 athletes who had forward head and shoulder and hyperkyphosis at the same time were selected. Then, randomly divided to two control and experimental groups. Result: Ancova test showed, a significant difference in the angle of forward head and shoulder and kyphosis in two groups )F1,30 = 23.564, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.440، F1,30 = 117.376, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.796، F1,30 = 59.195, sig = 0.000, Eta = 0.664(. The results showed that forward head and shoulder and hyperkyphosis degree of experimental group were significantly decreasde after involving in the selected corrective exercise program. Conclusion: Based on these findings for correcting upper crossed syndrome in overhead athletes it seems that designe and implement of corrective exerciser should be on correcting three abnormalities such as forward head and shoulder and hyperkyphosis and implemented with athletes special exercises at the same time. This program would result in decreasing upper crossed syndrome in overhead athletes

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corrective Exercise
  • Upper-crossed Syndrome
  • Overhead Athletes
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