Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Department of Motor Behavior and Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
2
Department of Motor Behavior and Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
3
Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, Iran
10.22080/jaep.2025.28237.2213
Abstract
Objective: Wrestling requires physical fitness, technical skills, and tactical intelligence. Despite its long history and numerous studies, a gap exists in providing a comprehensive perspective on this sport's biomechanical, physiological, technical, and tactical dimensions. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to examine the scientific literature on the factors influencing success in wrestling.
Methods: A systematic search of reputable databases using wrestling-related keywords included both quantitative and qualitative studies on biomechanics, physical fitness, physiology, injury prevention, and wrestling techniques and tactics. These studies were analyzed thematically, with the results summarized in tables and the key findings presented analytically in the discussion section.
Results: Findings indicated that stability and neuromuscular coordination were essential for executing techniques successfully. Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) enhances throwing technique performance; dehydration and fatigue can negatively affect speed and balance, potentially compromising performance. In wrestling, common injuries include head impacts, peripheral nerve damage, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Additionally, the diversity of techniques in standing and parterre positions and the rule changes in 2009 and 2013, such as a new scoring system, video review, extended round durations, and increased points for offensive moves, significantly influenced tactics and match dynamism.
Conclusion: The results underscore that specialized training to enhance stability and neuromuscular coordination, effective weight and fatigue management, and methods such as EMS can improve performance and reduce injury risk. In addition, designing training programs based on technical diversity in standing and parterre positions and adapting to evolving rules are crucial for performance enhancement in wrestling.
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