The Effect of ten weeks of Endurance training with Moderate and High Intensities along the Consumption of Safflower Oil on the Expression of the PGC-1α and PPAR-α Genes in RAT with Dexamethasone-induced Fatty liver Disease

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine moderate and high-intensity endurance exercise with safflower seed oil in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Method: 35 male rats divided into seven groups: healthy control group (HC), fatty liver control group (FC), fatty liver -moderate exercise (FME), fatty liver -high intensity exercise (FHE), fatty liver -safflower seed oil (FO), fatty liver -oil -moderate exercise (FOME) group and fatty liver -oil -high exercise (FOHE). The induction of NAFLD was accomplished by injecting dexamethasone . The exercise groups ran on the treadmill (10 weeks/5 days per week) at high and medium intensities at the same distance. Results: The results showed that NAFLD caused a significant decrease in PGC1α gene expression and an increase in serum glucose and TG levels in the FC group compared to the HC group. In addition, PGC1α gene expression was significantly increased in the FHE group compared to the FC, FOME and FOHE groups. A significant decrease was observed in serum glucose and TC levels in the FME, FHE, FOME and FOHE groups compared to the FC group. Also, a significant decrease in the TG level was observed in the FOHE group compared to the FC, FO and FOME groups. Conclusion: High-intensity endurance training can increase the expression of PGC1α gene, and due to the key role in the transcription of factors involved in fatty acid oxidation and glucose homeostasis in the liver can effective in treatment fatty liver disease than moderate-intensity exercises.