Effects of Dehydration on Cardiac Function Parameters

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of acute body weight loss upon Stroke volume (SV), Heart Rate (HR), Cardiac out put (Q), Cardiac index (CI), Stroke index (SI), Left cardiac work (LCW), Systolic (SBP), Diastolic (DBP) and Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), in club male-wrestlers. 20 elite male wrestlers were randomly selected. At first, the body composition was determined using Bioimpedance method and then the cardiac functional parameters were measured via CardioScreen in the sitting position. The subjects were then divided into two groups (experimental/(n=10) and control/(n=10) groups). The experimental group lost 3.11% of body weight in a sauna bath and finally, the body composition and cardiac parameters was measured for the second time.The results showed that, there were significant differences in all of the measured cardiac parameters of the experimental group between pre and post test, except HR (P<0.05). There were also significant differences between the observed changes of SV, HR, SI, LCW, dBP and MAP of the two groups from pre to post test (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the cardiac functional parameters can be suppressed in response to acute dehydration which can lead to unpleasant consequences for athletes.

Keywords

References

. گایینی عبّاس‌علی (مترجم). تغذیه ورزشی و کنترل وزن. انتشارات چهر، تهران، چاپ اوّل، 1378، ص ص، 207 ـ 149.
2. گایینی. عبّاس‌علی آزاد احمد (مترجمین). فیزیولوژی ورزشی ویژة مراقبان بهداشت. نشر دانشگاه زنجان، چاپ اوّل 1385، صص29 ـ 17.
3. گایتون، آرتور، فیزیولوژی پزشکی، نیاورانی، احمدرضا. انتشارات تیمورزاده، نشر طبیب، تهران، چاپ اوّل، 1385، ص ص،  123 ـ 109.
4. گودرزی محمود. تغذیه و کاهش وزن در ورزشکاران. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، چاپ اوّل1382، ص ص 32ـ7.
5. ملکی جواد. تغذیة نوین برای ورزشکاران. چاپ شعاع، تهران، 1381، ص ص، 53 ـ14.
6. شاهوردیان روبن (مترجم). تغذیة کامل ورزشی. نشر علم و حرکت، تهران، چاپ سوم 1381 ص ص، 140ـ112.
7. Bernstein, Donal P(1986). A new stroke volume equation for thoracic electrical bioimpedance: theory and rationale, critical care medicine. 14: 904 ـ 909.
8. Breuel L., Schüler R., Volkmann H., Heinke M., Posdzech O., Solbrig O(1992). Problems with the Application of Impedance Cardiography on Pacemaker Patients Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Electrical Bio ـ Impedance, Kuopio, Finland.
9. Chan J, Knutsen SF, Blix GG, Lee JW& Fraser GE (2002). Water, other fluids, and fatal coronary heart disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 155, 827– 83.
10 .Coyl EF (1998). Cardiovascular drift during prolonged exercise and the effect of the hydration. Int J sports Med 19 suppl 2 121 ـ 4.
11. Fogelholm GM. (1994). Effects of Body weight Reduction on Sports Performance. Sports Medicine, 18(4), 249 ـ 267.
12. Gapan L, M, Bernstein D.P, Patel K.P.,sanger J., Turndorf  H(1987). Measurement of ejection  fraction bioimpedance method, critical care Medicine 13: 402 ـ 413
13. Gonzalez ـ Alonso J, Calbet J & Nielsen B (1998). Muscle blood flow is reduced with dehydration during prolonged exercise in humans. J. Physiol. 513, 895–905.
14. Gonzalez, Alonso J. Mora, Rodriguez R. Below, coyl EF (1997). Dehydration markedly impairs cardiovascular function in hyperthermic endurance athletes during exercise. Journal of applied physiology vol, 82, no.4.pp.1229 ـ 1236
15. Gonzalez, Alonso j, mora, Rodriguez R, coyl EF (1995). Dehydration reduces cardiac out put and increases systemic and cutaneous vascular resistance during exercise. J Appl physiol. 79(5):1487 ـ 96.
16. Gonzalez, Alonso j, mora, Rodriguez R, coyl EF (2000) .Stroke volume during exercise: interaction of environment and hydration .Am J physiol heart circ physiol. 278 (2): H 321  ـ 30.
17. Heaps CL, Gonzalez – Alonso J, coyl F (1994). Hypohydration causes cardiovascular drift without reducing blood volume .Int J sports MED. 15(2):74 ـ 9.
18. C J Hall, A M Lane (2001). Effects of rapid weight loss on mood and performance among amateur boxers, The British Journal of Sports Medicine. 35:390 ـ 395.
19. Horswill CA, Scott JR, Dick RW, Hayes J (1994). Influence of rapid weight gain after the weigh ـ in on success in collegiate wrestlers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 26: 1290–1294.
20. Johnson, J. M, and L. B. Rowell (1975). Forearm skin and muscle vascular responses to prolonged leg exercise in man. J. Appl. Physiol. 39: 920–924.
21. Martin W.H,Heath G.coyle E.F.,Bloomfield S.A, Holloszy J.D.,Ehsani A.A (1994). Effect of prolonged intense endurance training on systolic time intervals in patients with coronary artery disease , Ame H J, 127 (1):75 ـ 81.
22. RJ Maughan (2003). Impact of mild dehydration on wellness and on exercise performance, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57, Suppl 2, S19–S23.
23. Michael L. Cheatham (2002). Hemodynamic Calculations, Surgical Intensive Care Units Orlando Regional Medical Center Orlando, Floida, surgicalcriticalcare.net.
24. Jens Moller (2003). Effects of growth hormone on fluid homeostasis.Clinical and experimental aspects. Growth Hormone & IGF Research 13: 55–74.
25. S.J. Montain, E.F.coyle (1992). Influence of graded dehydration on hyperthermia and cardiovascular drift during exercise .J Appl physiol 73:1340 ـ 1350.
26. Montain, S. J, and E. F. Coyle (1992).. Fluid ingestion during exercise increases skin blood flow independent of blood volume. J. Appl. Physiol.73: 903–910.
27. Oöpik V, Pääsuke M, Sikku T, Timpmann S, Medijainen L, Ereline J, Smirnova T, Gapejeva E (1996). Effect of rapid weight loss on metabolism and isokinetic performance capacity. A case study of two well trained wrestlers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 36 (2):127 ـ 31.
28. Oppliger RA, Landry GL, Foster SW, Lambrecht AC (1993). Bulimic behaviors among interscholastic wrestlers: a statewide survey. Pediatrics 91:826–831.
29. Perriello VA Jr, Almquist J, Conkwright D Jr (1995). Health and weight control management among wrestlers: a proposed program for high school athletes. VA Med Q. 122 (3):179–185.
30. Jack Ransone and Brian Hughes(2004). Body ـ Weight Fluctuation in Collegiate Wrestlers: Implications of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Weight ـ Certification Program, J Athl Train. 39(2): 162–165.
31. Ricardo G. Fritzsche, Thomas W. Switzer, Bradley J. Hodgkinson and Edward F. Coyle (1999).  Stroke volume decline during prolonged exercise is influenced by the increase in heart rate, J Appl Physiol 86:799 ـ 805.
32. Rowell, L. B (1994). Human cardiovascular adjustments to exercise and thermal stress. Physiol. Rev. 54: 75–159.
33. Rowell, L. B (1996). Human Circulation: Regulation During Physical Stress. New York: Oxford University Press,174–406.
34. Sawka MN & Pandolf KB (1990). Effects of body water loss on physiological function and exercise performance. In Perspectives in Exercise Science and Sports Medicine. Vol. 3, ed. CV Gisolfi & DR Lamb, pp 1–38. Misc: Indianapolis: Benchmark Press.
35. Scholer , Ralf , solbrig O (1997). Rheoscreen – diagnostic support Manual , Medis , JmbH  Germany
36. Scott JR, Horswill CA, Dick RW (1994). Acute weight gain in collegiate wrestlers following a tournament weigh ـ in. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 26:1181–1185.
37. Steen SN, Brownell KD (1990). Patterns of weight loss and regain in wrestlers: has the tradition changed? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990;22:762–768.
38. Tietz (2006). Text book of clinical biochemistry 11th edition, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1129 ـ 1143.
39. Wroble RR, Moxley DP (1998). Acute weight gain and its relationship to success in high school wrestlers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 30:949–951.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 17 December 2007
  • Revise Date: 19 November 2016
  • Accept Date: 12 August 2008

Share

How to cite

Statistics