The effect of 8 weeks of circuit resistance training on plasma levels of Chemerin and C-reactive protein in obese men

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Background &Purpose: Exercise training is an integral component of obesity management program, but there are few study that have directly evaluate the effects of resistance training on inflammatory response related to obesity. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of circuit resistance training (CRT) on plasma levels of Chemerin and C-reactive protein (CRP) in obese men. Methodology: 17 obese men with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2 and the age range 20-25 years, voluntary participated in this study. Then, they were randomly assigned to two groups of circuit resistance training (CRT) (n = 8) and control (C) (n = 9). CRT was including 8 stations, 3 set with progressive intensity (65-85% of one repetition maximum). Body composition was measured before and after training. Fasting venous blood samples were taken in 24 hours before and 48 hours after the last training session. Blood samples were analyzed for Chemerin and CRP. Results: plasma Chemerin concentration decreased significantly in CRT group (11%) compared to C group (p=0/04). Although, plasma CRP concentration decreased in CTR group, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P=0.17). Also, percent body fat, weight, BMI and WHR were decreased in CRT group compared to C group (P>0.05). Conclusion: circuit resistance training improves body composition in obese men. This improvement was associated with decreased levels of Chemerin and CRP

Keywords


##Fathi R, Nazar A P, Adabi Z. Effect of 8-week resistance training on omentin levels and insulin resistance index in Obese and overweight women. Appl Exe Physiol Res. 2014;10(19):109-20. (Pesrian).##Blüher M. Adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to obesity related metabolic diseases. Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & metabolism. 2013;27(2):163-77.##Mohamed-Ali V, Pinkney J, Coppack S. Adipose tissue as an endocrine and paracrine organ. International Journal of Obesity & Related Metabolic Disorders. 1998;22(12).##Coppack SW. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipose tissue. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2001;60(03):349-56.## Bozaoglu K, Bolton K, McMillan J, Zimmet P, Jowett J, Collier G, et al. Chemerin is a novel adipokine associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Endocrinology. 2007;148(10):4687-94.##Goralski KB, McCarthy TC, Hanniman EA, Zabel BA, Butcher EC, Parlee SD, et al. Chemerin, a novel adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2007;282(38):28175-88.##Sell H, Divoux A, Poitou C, Basdevant A, Bouillot J-L, Bedossa P, et al. Chemerin correlates with markers for fatty liver in morbidly obese patients and strongly decreases after weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2010;95(6):2892-6.##Wittamer V, Franssen J-D, Vulcano M, Mirjolet J-F, Le Poul E, Migeotte I, et al. Specific recruitment of antigen-presenting cells by chemerin, a novel processed ligand from human inflammatory fluids. The Journal of experimental medicine. 2003;198(7):977-85.##Carmen G-Y, Víctor S-M. Signalling mechanisms regulating lipolysis. Cellular signalling. 2006;18(4):401-8.##Berg V, Sveinbjörnsson B, Bendiksen S, Brox J, Meknas K, Figenschau Y. Human articular chondrocytes express ChemR23 and chemerin; ChemR23 promotes inflammatory signalling upon binding the ligand chemerin21-157. Arthritis research & therapy. 2010;12(6):R228.##       Kaneko K, Miyabe Y, Takayasu A, Fukuda S, Miyabe C, Ebisawa M, et al. Chemerin activates fibroblast-like synoviocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011;13(5):R158.##    Lehrke M, Becker A, Greif M, Stark R, Laubender RP, von Ziegler F, et al. Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2009;161(2):339-44.##Weigert J, Neumeier M, Wanninger J, Filarsky M, Bauer S, Wiest R, et al. Systemic chemerin is related to inflammation rather than obesity in type 2 diabetes. Clinical endocrinology. 2010;72(3):342-8.##Clyne B, Olshaker JS. The C-reactive protein. The Journal of emergency medicine. 1999;17(6):1019-25.##Pepys MB, Hirschfield GM. C-reactive protein: a critical update. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2003;111(12):1805-12.##        Bochud M, Marquant F, Marques-Vidal P-M, Vollenweider P, Beckmann JS, Mooser V, et al. Association between C-reactive protein and adiposity in women. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2009;94(10):3969-77.##               Timpson N, Nordestgaard B, Harbord R, Zacho J, Frayling T, Tybjærg-Hansen A, et al. C-reactive protein levels and body mass index: elucidating direction of causation through reciprocal Mendelian randomization. International Journal of Obesity. 2011;35(2):300-8.##Andersson J, Jansson J-H, Hellsten G, Nilsson TK, Hallmans G, Boman K. Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes. Atherosclerosis. 2010;209(2):601-5.##              Kadoglou NP, Iliadis F, Angelopoulou N, Perrea D, Ampatzidis G, Liapis CD, et al. The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. 2007;14(6):837-43.##Venojärvi M, Wasenius N, Manderoos S, Heinonen OJ, Hernelahti M, Lindholm H, et al. Nordic walking decreased circulating chemerin and leptin concentrations in middle-aged men with impaired glucose regulation. Annals of medicine. 2013;45(2):162-70.##Saremi A, Shavandi N, Parastesh M, Daneshmand H. Twelve-week aerobic training decreases chemerin level and improves cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese men. Asian journal of sports medicine. 2010;1(3):151.##saremi a, mosle habadi mf, parastesh m. Effects of Twelve-week Strength Training on Serum Chemerin, TNF-α and CRP Level in Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2011;12(5):8.##              Stefanov T, Blüher M, Vekova A, Bonova I, Tzvetkov S, Kurktschiev D, et al. Circulating chemerin decreases in response to a combined strength and endurance training. Endocrine. 2014;45(3):382-91.##     Donges CE, Duffield R, Drinkwater EJ. Effects of resistance or aerobic exercise training on interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(2):304-13.##      Olson T, Dengel D, Leon A, Schmitz K. Changes in inflammatory biomarkers following one-year of moderate resistance training in overweight women. International journal of obesity. 2007;31(6):996-1003.##Pichon C, Hunter G, Morris M, Bond R, Metz J. Blood pressure and heart rate response and metabolic cost of circuit versus traditional weight training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 1996;10(3):153.##Gettman LR, Ward P, Hagan RD. A comparison of combined running and weight training with circuit weight training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(3):229-34.##             Jackson A, Pollock M. Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. British Journal of Nutrition. 1978;40(03):497-504.##Siri WE. The gross composition of the body. Adv Biol Med Phys. 1956;4:239-80.##        Brzycki M. Strength testing—predicting a one-rep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. 1993;64(1):88-90.##Skurk T, Alberti-Huber C, Herder C, Hauner H. Relationship between adipocyte size and adipokine expression and secretion. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2007;92(3):1023-33.##Qu H, Deng H, Hu Z. Plasma progranulin concentrations are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity and correlated with insulin resistance. Mediators of inflammation. 2013;2013.##         Arita M, Bianchini F, Aliberti J, Sher A, Chiang N, Hong S, et al. Stereochemical assignment, antiinflammatory properties, and receptor for the omega-3 lipid mediator resolvin E1. The Journal of experimental medicine. 2005;201(5):713-22.##  Zeve D. The Response of White Adipose Progenitor Cells to Physiological and Genetic Changes. 2013.##     Sell H, Laurencikiene J, Taube A, Eckardt K, Cramer A, Horrighs A, et al. Chemerin is a novel adipocyte-derived factor inducing insulin resistance in primary human skeletal muscle cells. Diabetes. 2009;58(12):2731-40.##Röckl KS, Hirshman MF, Brandauer J, Fujii N, Witters LA, Goodyear LJ. Skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training AMP-activated protein kinase mediates muscle fiber type shift. Diabetes. 2007;56(8):2062-9.##Riedl I, Yoshioka M, Nishida Y, Tobina T, Paradis R, Shono N, et al. Regulation of skeletal muscle transcriptome in elderly men after 6weeks of endurance training at lactate threshold intensity. Experimental gerontology. 2010;45(11):896-903.##Ormsbee MJ, Choi MD, Medlin JK, Geyer GH, Trantham LH, Dubis GS, et al. Regulation of fat metabolism during resistance exercise in sedentary lean and obese men. J Appl Physiol. 2009 May;106(5):1529-37.##                Monteiro AG, Alveno DA, Prado M, Monteiro GA, Ugrinowitsch C, Aoki MS, et al. Acute physiological responses to different circuit training protocols. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2008 Dec;48(4):438-42.##Talanian JL, Holloway GP, Snook LA, Heigenhauser GJ, Bonen A, Spriet LL. Exercise training increases sarcolemmal and mitochondrial fatty acid transport proteins in human skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2010;299(2):E180-E8.##Andersson DP, Hogling DE, Thorell A, Toft E, Qvisth V, Näslund E, et al. Changes in subcutaneous fat cell volume and insulin sensitivity after weight loss. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(7):1831-6.##             Bukowiecki L, Lupien J, Follea N, Paradis A, Richard D, LeBlanc J. Mechanism of enhanced lipolysis in adipose tissue of exercise-trained rats. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1980;239(6):E422-E9.##Stewart LK, Flynn MG, Campbell WW, Craig BA, Robinson JP, Timmerman KL, et al. The influence of exercise training on inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2007;39(10):1714.##              Church TS, Barlow CE, Earnest CP, Kampert JB, Priest EL, Blair SN. Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in men. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2002;22(11):1869-76.##                Rothenbacher D, Hoffmeister A, Brenner H, Koenig W. Physical activity, coronary heart disease, and inflammatory response. Archives of internal medicine. 2003;163(10):1200-5.##                Vieira V, Hu L, Valentine R, McAuley E, Evans E, Baynard T, et al. Reduction in trunk fat predicts cardiovascular exercise training-related reductions in C-reactive protein. Brain, behavior, and immunity. 2009;23(4):485-91.##          Petersen AMW, Pedersen BK. The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise. Journal of applied physiology. 2005;98(4):1154-62.##            GREIWE JS, Cheng B, RUBIN DC, YARASHESKI KE, SEMENKOVICH CF. Resistance exercise decreases skeletal muscle tumor necrosis factor α in frail elderly humans. The FASEB journal. 2001;15(2):475-82.##               Petersen AM, Plomgaard P, Fischer CP, Ibfelt T, Pedersen BK, van Hall G. Acute moderate elevation of TNF-α does not affect systemic and skeletal muscle protein turnover in healthy humans. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2009;94(1):294-9.##         Dirks AJ, Leeuwenburgh C. Tumor necrosis factor α signaling in skeletal muscle: effects of age and caloric restriction. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 2006;17(8):501-8.##